Victorian painting refers to the distinctive styles of painting in the United Kingdom during the reign of Queen Victoria (1837–1901). Victoria's early reign was characterised by rapid industrial development and social and political change, which made the United Kingdom one of the most powerful and advanced nations in the world. Painting in the early years of her reign was dominated by the Royal Academy of Arts and by the theories of its first president, Joshua Reynolds. Reynolds and the academy were strongly influenced by the Italian Renaissance painter Raphael, and believed that it was the role of an artist to make the subject of their work appear as noble and idealised as possible. This had proved a successful approach for artists in the pre-industrial period, where the main subjects of artistic commissions were portraits of the nobility and military and historical scenes. By the time of Victoria's accession to the throne, this approach was coming to be seen as stale and outdated. The rise of the wealthy middle class had changed the art market, and a generation who had grown up in an industrial age believed in the importance of accuracy and attention to detail, and that the role of art was to reflect the world, not to idealise it.
"}{"type":"standard","title":"Achtung Panzer: Kharkov 1943","displaytitle":"Achtung Panzer: Kharkov 1943","namespace":{"id":0,"text":""},"wikibase_item":"Q4673934","titles":{"canonical":"Achtung_Panzer:_Kharkov_1943","normalized":"Achtung Panzer: Kharkov 1943","display":"Achtung Panzer: Kharkov 1943"},"pageid":28660341,"thumbnail":{"source":"https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/2/2a/Achtung_Panzer_-_Kharkov_1943_Coverart.png","width":256,"height":357},"originalimage":{"source":"https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/2/2a/Achtung_Panzer_-_Kharkov_1943_Coverart.png","width":256,"height":357},"lang":"en","dir":"ltr","revision":"1273049499","tid":"84bd667b-dfcf-11ef-b979-07920a6e098c","timestamp":"2025-01-31T12:33:05Z","description":"2010 real-time strategy video game","description_source":"local","content_urls":{"desktop":{"page":"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Achtung_Panzer%3A_Kharkov_1943","revisions":"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Achtung_Panzer%3A_Kharkov_1943?action=history","edit":"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Achtung_Panzer%3A_Kharkov_1943?action=edit","talk":"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Talk:Achtung_Panzer%3A_Kharkov_1943"},"mobile":{"page":"https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Achtung_Panzer%3A_Kharkov_1943","revisions":"https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Special:History/Achtung_Panzer%3A_Kharkov_1943","edit":"https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Achtung_Panzer%3A_Kharkov_1943?action=edit","talk":"https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Talk:Achtung_Panzer%3A_Kharkov_1943"}},"extract":"Achtung Panzer: Kharkov 1943 is a 2010 single player, real-time strategy video game developed by Ukrainian studio Graviteam and published by Paradox Interactive.","extract_html":"
Achtung Panzer: Kharkov 1943 is a 2010 single player, real-time strategy video game developed by Ukrainian studio Graviteam and published by Paradox Interactive.
"}{"fact":"Tests done by the Behavioral Department of the Musuem of Natural History conclude that while a dog's memory lasts about 5 minutes, a cat's recall can last as long as 16 hours.","length":175}
{"type":"standard","title":"Pete Fox","displaytitle":"Pete Fox","namespace":{"id":0,"text":""},"wikibase_item":"Q7171964","titles":{"canonical":"Pete_Fox","normalized":"Pete Fox","display":"Pete Fox"},"pageid":4587615,"thumbnail":{"source":"https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/0/07/Pete_Fox.jpg","width":204,"height":300},"originalimage":{"source":"https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/0/07/Pete_Fox.jpg","width":204,"height":300},"lang":"en","dir":"ltr","revision":"1270600343","tid":"bf4116f1-d70e-11ef-96d6-e2ea2e261227","timestamp":"2025-01-20T09:13:01Z","description":"American baseball player (1909–1966)","description_source":"local","content_urls":{"desktop":{"page":"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pete_Fox","revisions":"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pete_Fox?action=history","edit":"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pete_Fox?action=edit","talk":"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Talk:Pete_Fox"},"mobile":{"page":"https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pete_Fox","revisions":"https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Special:History/Pete_Fox","edit":"https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pete_Fox?action=edit","talk":"https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Talk:Pete_Fox"}},"extract":"Ervin \"Pete\" Fox was an American professional baseball player from 1930 to 1946. He played 13 seasons in Major League Baseball, principally as a right fielder, for the Detroit Tigers from 1933 to 1940 and the Boston Red Sox from 1941 to 1945. Though his given name was Ervin, Fox became known as \"Pete\" in 1932 when fans in Beaumont, Texas, dubbed him \"Rabbit\" in reference to his speed, with the nickname reportedly evolving into \"Peter Rabbit\" and then simply \"Pete\".","extract_html":"
Ervin \"Pete\" Fox was an American professional baseball player from 1930 to 1946. He played 13 seasons in Major League Baseball, principally as a right fielder, for the Detroit Tigers from 1933 to 1940 and the Boston Red Sox from 1941 to 1945. Though his given name was Ervin, Fox became known as \"Pete\" in 1932 when fans in Beaumont, Texas, dubbed him \"Rabbit\" in reference to his speed, with the nickname reportedly evolving into \"Peter Rabbit\" and then simply \"Pete\".
"}